Electronics takes on a new spin (MIT)
Exotic materials called topological insulators, discovered just a few years
ago, have yielded some of their secrets to a team of MIT researchers. For the
first time, the team showed that light can be used to obtain information about
the spin of electrons flowing over the material’s surface, and has even found
a way to control these electron movements by varying the polarization of a
light source.
The materials could open up possibilities for a new kind of devices based on
spintronics, which makes use of a characteristic of electrons called spin,
instead of using their electrical charge the way electronic devices do. It
could also allow for much faster control of existing technologies such as
magnetic data storage.
Topological insulators are materials that possess paradoxical properties. The
three-dimensional bulk of the material behaves just like a conventional
insulator (such as quartz or glass), which blocks the movement of electric
currents. Yet the material’s outer surface behaves as an extremely good
conductor, allowing electricity to flow freely.
The key to understanding the properties of any solid material is to analyze
the behavior of electrons within the material — in particular determining what
combinations of energy, momentum and spin …
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